Biodiversity is a multidimensional metric encompassing multiple diversity facets (taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity), which are less considered compared to species richness. By taking advantage of a new metric (μ-Diversity) synthetizing taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic information across more than 300,000 species of vascular plants, we show the global geography of plant μ-Diversity disentangling also the relative roles of climate variability since the Last Glacial Maximum, environmental features (e.g., AET, roughness), geological activity and anthropogenic factors (past and current) in explaining broad-scale patterns of plant distribution. We collate a database encompassing the most comprehensive and up-to-date information on traits and evolutionary history that, coupled with the use of machine learning methods (e.g., random forest), aid us to disentangle the main drivers of plant μ-Diversity.